The Impact of Technical Cooperation Grants and Time Required to Enforce a Contract on Production Value Added: a Comparison of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and Croatia

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Latovic J., Bilgin M., Yılmaz K.

TEM Journal, vol.15, no.1, pp.358-363, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus) identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 15 Issue: 1
  • Publication Date: 2026
  • Doi Number: 10.18421/tem151-32
  • Journal Name: TEM Journal
  • Journal Indexes: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, Central & Eastern European Academic Source (CEEAS)
  • Page Numbers: pp.358-363
  • Keywords: manufacturing, technical cooperation grants, Time required enforcing a contract
  • Open Archive Collection: AVESIS Open Access Collection
  • İstanbul Ticaret University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

– This research aimed to examine and compare the effects of technical cooperation grants and the time required to enforce a contract on the production value added across Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. The dataset for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and Croatia from the World Bank’s Country Report database was used for the years 1994-2023. Results showed that Manufacturing value added (MVA) was negatively correlated with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (r=-0.448; p<0.05) in Serbia. Correlation between MVA with Time Required to Enforce a Contract (TREC) and Technical Cooperation Grants (TCH) for Serbia were insignificant (p>0.05). Correlations between MVA with TREC, TCH and GDP for Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia were insignificant (p>0.05). Effects of TREC, TCG and GDP on MVA were insignificant for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia were statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The time it takes for a contract to enter into force and technical cooperation grants do not have an effect on the added value of production in three different and important European Union (EU) economies including one member and two candidates.