Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Türk-Kore Ceza Hukuku Günleri, Cheju, Güney Kore, 24 - 27 Eylül 2024, ss.149-172, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
This study examines artificial intelligence-based technologies used for crime prevention in risk societies. Risk societies are those in which uncertainties and dangers about the future are increasingly felt as a result of certain characteristics of modern industrial societies and technology is used intensively to cope with these dangers. Artificial intelligence-based technologies used in crime prevention have a wide range of applications, from smart surveillance systems to data analysis and predictive policing applications. In Tu rkiye, the camera system with facial recognition feature, which is integrated with the license plate recognition system within the scope of the Urban Security and Management System, is used in public areas in many cities, especially in Istanbul. Biometric data is collected in a narrow area with body cameras that can also scan faces and irises and transferred to central servers. In addition, the police use drones, unmanned aerial vehicles and data analysis systems, especially in large events and social incidents, for crowd control and crime prevention. These systems are supported by data analysis, big data, surveillance technologies and various machine learning algorithms to prevent crimes more effectively. All these experiences lead to the following observation: Considering the data flows coming from different tools such as facial recognition systems, smart roads and automatic license plate recognition systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, drones, social media and the internet, the police have to deal with a huge amount of data. The fact that artificial intelligence can classify this data much faster than humans and establish connections between the data that humans cannot establish at first glance has made artificial intelligence an effective method in the fight against crime. However, facial recognition systems that make incorrect matches also bring about serious concerns in the context of artificial intelligence bias and the protection of individuals' fundamental rights and freedoms. The aim of preventing crimes before they occur in risk societies has extended to taking various measures such as preventive detention, preventive seizure or preventive communication monitoring in order to prevent a fictitious crime in the future, even if it is not related to a specific crime. In this study, I. What are the artificial intelligence-based technologies used in crime prevention in Türkiye and where they are used, II. The problems that arise from the use of these systems and the legal difficulties we need to overcome will be discussed.